Study on the relationship between chlorophyll content and yield of sesame during florescence with chlorophyll meter

Sesame, an important oil crop in China, occupies a very important position in the planting structure. Although sesame seed breeding in our country has achieved great progress, but the yield is still low, which restricts the development of the sesame industry. Therefore, raising the yield of sesame seeds is the main goal of breeding institutions. After a long-term study of chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate, people found that their relationship is very close, and there is also a very close relationship between chlorophyll content and crop yield. As a light sesame seed, the photosynthetic rate of the leaves is even more important, so it is more meaningful to measure the chlorophyll content of sesame leaves. Using chlorophyll meter to compare the change of chlorophyll content and yield traits of sesame leaves provides a reliable theoretical basis for increasing sesame yield.

The leaves of the cultivars are generally green or light green, while the leaves of wild sesame imported from abroad are dark green or dark green. Chlorophyll content of 5 wild sesame seeds was measured with chlorophyll meter and compared with the data of 110 cultivars. The statistical results showed that the chlorophyll content of cultivated varieties and wild sesame seeds had significant differences (P<0.05). The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll (a+b) contents of wild sesame seeds were 14.5% higher than those of cultivars at the initial flowering stage, respectively. , 12.5% ​​and 12.6%, 11.5%, 4.6%, and 9.9% higher in the flowering period, and 36.9%, 44.2%, and 38.7% higher in the final flowering period. It can be seen that the chlorophyll content of wild sesame seeds is always higher than that of cultivars throughout the flowering period. This difference may have something to do with the phenomenon we observed in the field: wild sesame leaves are large and thick at the seedling stage, have thick green leaves, thick stems, long flowering periods, many branches, and more than one flowering but few grains per plant. In the later period, the leaves did not fade, the lower deciduous leaves were not late, and the senescence was not premature. The cultivated sesame was young at the seedling stage, the leaves were pale and thin, the flowering period was short and concentrated, the branches were few, the number of flowers per plant was small, but there were many grains. Full, late leaves, premature aging, easy lodging.

The correlation analysis between chlorophyll content data and yield traits of 110 materials at the final flowering period measured with chlorophyll meter showed that the chlorophyll content was positively correlated with the yield per plant, but it did not reach a significant level, indicating that increasing chlorophyll content had a certain effect on yield increase. The direct effect of chlorophyll content was positively or significantly positively correlated with plant height, fruit stem axis length, and 1000-grain weight in yield components, indicating that increasing chlorophyll content was mainly through increasing plant height, main stem axis length, and increasing grain weight. Indirect effects to increase production.

After the chlorophyll meter was used to measure the chlorophyll content of sesame seeds, correlation analysis with yield traits showed that the chlorophyll content was positively correlated with the yield per plant, but the correlation between the chlorophyll content and the yield per plant did not reach a significant level, which was due to the yield traits. It is a complex and susceptible to environmental, pest and other factors. With the increase of chlorophyll content, 1000-grain weight and leaf yield per plant were significantly increased, indicating that increasing sesame chlorophyll content is a practical way to increase production.

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