Industry 4.0 is a buzzword. To understand its meaning, we must first talk about industrial automation. There are two types of automation, one is visible and the other is invisible.
Visible automation includes robots, numerically controlled machines, unmanned plants, and many other times we mistakenly consider these highly automated pipelines as Industry 4.0, in fact they are only Industry 3.0, which is Automated Equipment Manufacturing.
In the past, to enhance production efficiency was to continuously upgrade the automation of the production line. This led us to a dead end because the higher the automation level of equipment manufacturing in a production line, the less flexible it is, because it takes a lot of machinery and equipment to complete the production. Once the product variety changes and the hardware replacement cost is high, , The traditional manufacturing industry depends on the scale to obtain benefits, which is determined by the technical route of Industry 3.0.
Invisible automation refers to the data in the R & D, design, production, logistics and other sectors of the automatic flow of all the data can be timely and accurate reach the specified location, with the flow of data to solve the problem of production flexibility of uncertainty. This is Industry 4.0, the so-called "data flow automation."
For example, the publishing house, because of the plate, each book must have a certain amount, or can not reduce costs, this is manufacturing-driven business model. Print shop is completely different, U disk plug, no matter what the print content, according to the number of pages to collect money, because the cost is the same, this is a typical data-driven business model.
What Industry 4.0 really needs to solve is a shift from manufacturing-driven to data-driven.
As for the specific industry 4.0, imagine a scenario where the cola workshop, where three bottles come in succession from the production line, each comes with a two-dimensional code that records the customized information of Zhang San, Li Si and Wang Wu . When the first bottle goes to the filling point, tell the controller via wireless communication of the two-dimensional code: Cheung likes a bit of sweet, and the controller tells the filling robot: "Add more sugar!" The second bottle came, Said Li Si is diabetic patients, the controller told the robot: "No sugar!" The third bottle came Wang Fafuda, the controller told the irrigation Coca-Cola manipulator: "You rest, Fanta manipulator, You are on! "
Variety, small quantities, personalized custom production, this is the meaning of Industry 4.0. Each can of Coke from the moment you place an order from the Internet, is customized for you, all the features are in line with your preferences. This is also called smart production.
For the upcoming trend of automation of data flow, the world's major manufacturing powers have their own strengths and weaknesses. The United States is the No. 1 Internet IT industry in the world. Therefore, it is hoped that starting with informatization to create manufacturing industry, the typical "Industrial Internet" promoted by General Electric Company is more concerned with the intelligence of the product itself. Germany has a strong manufacturing base. Therefore, it is hoped that automation of manufacturing equipment manufacturing will be upgraded to automation of data flow. Typical of this is the "digital factory" of Siemens, which focuses more on the digitization of production processes.
The essence of Industry 4.0 is to shift from economies of scale to economies of scale with the data-flow automation technology and build a heterogeneous and customized industry at a cost of homogeneity and scale. This is a crucial function for industrial restructuring.
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