ASTM A106 is a standard for seamless carbon steel pipes designed for high-temperature applications. With a maximum carbon content of 0.30% and a manganese limit of 1.20%, it is classified as a low-carbon steel that offers excellent strength and toughness. This material is ideal for use in high-pressure and high-temperature environments such as power plants, chemical processing units, and oil refineries. It also exhibits good corrosion resistance, making it suitable for outdoor installations without the need for additional protective coatings.
The material is commonly used in forming processes like bending and curling. The main grades available are A, B, and C, each with specific mechanical and chemical properties tailored to different application needs.
Available diameters range from 10.3 mm to 114.3 mm, with wall thicknesses between 0.8 mm and 12 mm. Standard lengths start at 6 meters, but custom sizes can be supplied based on customer requirements.
ASTM A53 covers both seamless and welded carbon steel pipes, including black and hot-dipped galvanized types. It is suitable for nominal sizes ranging from 1/8 inch to 20 inches (3.18 mm to 660.4 mm).
Similarly, ASTM A106 is intended for seamless carbon steel pipes used in high-temperature service, covering sizes from 1/8 inch to 26 inches (3.18 mm to 660.4 mm).
Chemical compositions vary by grade:
- **Grade A**: Carbon ≤ 0.25%, Manganese 0.27–0.93%
- **Grade B**: Carbon ≤ 0.30%, Manganese 0.29–1.06%
- **Grade C**: Carbon ≤ 0.35%, Manganese 0.29–1.06%
All grades have a sulfur limit of 0.058% max and phosphorus of 0.048% max, with a minimum silicon content of 0.20%.
Below are the detailed chemical and mechanical properties for both ASTM A53 and ASTM A106:
**Chemical Composition (ASTM A53M):**
| Standard | Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Ni | Cr | Cu | Mo | V |
|--------------|-------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|
| ASTM A53M | A | ≤0.25| – | ≥0.95| ≤0.05| ≤0.045| ≤0.40| ≤0.40| ≤0.40| ≤0.15| ≤0.08|
| ASTM A53M | B | ≤0.30| – | ≥1.2 | ≤0.05| ≤0.045| ≤0.40| ≤0.40| ≤0.40| ≤0.15| ≤0.08|
**Mechanical Properties (ASTM A53M):**
| Standard | Grade | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
|--------------|-------|-------------------------|----------------------|----------------|
| ASTM A53M | A | ≥330 | ≥205 | See Table 3 |
| ASTM A53M | B | ≥330 | ≥205 | See Table 3 |
**Chemical Composition (ASTM A106M):**
| Standard | Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Ni | Cr | Cu | Mo | V |
|--------------|-------|------|------|----------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|
| ASTM A106M | A | ≤0.25| ≥0.10| 0.27–0.93| ≤0.035| ≤0.035| ≤0.40| ≤0.40| ≤0.40| ≤0.15| ≤0.08|
| ASTM A106M | B | ≤0.30| ≥0.10| 0.29–1.06| ≤0.035| ≤0.035| ≤0.40| ≤0.40| ≤0.40| ≤0.15| ≤0.08|
| ASTM A106M | C | ≤0.35| ≥0.10| 0.29–1.06| ≤0.035| ≤0.035| ≤0.40| ≤0.40| ≤0.40| ≤0.15| ≤0.08|
**Mechanical Properties (ASTM A106M):**
| Standard | Grade | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
|--------------|-------|-------------------------|----------------------|----------------|
| ASTM A106M | A | ≥330 | ≥205 | See Table 4 |
| ASTM A106M | B | ≥415 | ≥240 | See Table 4 |
| ASTM A106M | C | ≥485 | ≥275 | See Table 4 |
These specifications ensure that the pipes meet the required performance standards for a wide range of industrial applications. Whether you're looking for durability, strength, or corrosion resistance, ASTM A106 and ASTM A53 offer reliable solutions for your piping needs.
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