Zhao Hualin, Director of Planning and Finance Department of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, stated that the basic principles for the preparation of the “13th Five-Year Plan†for environmental protection have been determined, that is, adhere to green development, treating both the symptoms and the root causes, insisting on governing the country according to law, managing the country’s legal system, adhering to open information, co-governance in society, and adhering to deepening reforms. ,System Innovation.
Zhao Hualin said that the objective of the 13th Five-Year Environmental Plan is that by 2020, the total amount of major pollutants will be significantly reduced, the human settlement environment will be significantly improved, the stability of the ecosystem will be enhanced, and the quality of the radiation environment will continue to be good. Ecological governance, environmental supervision We have made important breakthroughs in regulations and systems such as administrative law enforcement institutional mechanisms, environmental resource audits, and environmental responsibility assessments. The system of ecological civilization has basically been established, and the level of ecological civilization has been adapted to an overall well-to-do society.
Zhao Hualin believes that a comprehensive index system that combines environmental quality improvement as the main line and new expectations for the society, combining national, regional, and city conditions to reflect progress in pollution control and emission reduction, risk prevention, space optimization, and system construction, mainly includes constraints and expectations. And guiding indicators. The first is to establish a dual-constraint index system of environmental quality and total discharge. The second is to build a comprehensive factor index system that supports the synchronization of four factors. The third is to reflect the division of classification management. The fourth is to highlight the controllability. The fifth is to improve the predictability of the indicators. The sixth is to be close to the public.
With regard to the quality of water environment, the quality of centralized drinking water sources in cities and towns was stable and the water quality was basically eliminated. In the city, there were no black and odor bodies of water. The current water quality was better than Class III. The water quality remained stable, and the water quality of the coastal waters improved slightly. In terms of atmospheric environmental quality, urban air quality at or above the prefecture level was significantly improved, heavy polluted weather decreased by 60%, inhalable particulate matter and fine particulate matter decreased by more than 30%, and the average concentrations of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone reached the standard. In terms of soil environmental quality, the national land-planting soil environmental quality standard compliance rate is not less than 82%, the newly-added construction land use soil environmental safety protection rate is 100%, 200 soil-pollution comprehensive remediation pilot sites are completed, and the regional soil comprehensive treatment demonstration area is 6. In terms of ecological environment, the area of ​​soil erosion has decreased, the ecosystem has remained stable, and the ecological service function has improved. With regard to the prevention and control of environmental risks, the number of major and sudden environmental incidents has dropped significantly, environmental and population health risks have been effectively controlled, and the environmental emergency management system has been basically completed. With respect to the nuclear and radiation environment, the safety level of nuclear facilities has been further improved, the level of prevention and control of radioactive pollution has been fully enhanced, the quality of radiation environment has continued to be good, and nuclear safety has been guaranteed.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned initial goals, work is mainly carried out in four areas. First, quality has improved. Including establishing and improving the national environmental quality management system and implementing rigid constraints; promoting environmental quality improvement in the three major areas of water, air and soil; improving the nation's environmental quality through “grasping both endsâ€; fully launching implementation of environmental quality improvement measures, Continuously improve the quality of urban and rural environment.
Second, pollution reduction. Including the optimization of total control measures; implementation of pollution control and emission reduction in the whole process; increase the supervision and management of the industry environment.
Third, ecological protection. Including the establishment of a sound ecological governance system, the implementation of classification and control; to strengthen the management of important ecological function areas and ecosystems, to maintain the national ecological security; improve the ecological protection management mechanism, promote the unified monitoring of ecosystem and system management; improve ecological civilization demonstration area construction system And ecological compensation system to promote ecological protection.
Fourth, risk management. Including the layout and structure, improve the overall situation of environmental safety; strengthen the management of environmental risks in key areas to achieve healthy development and environmental safety; strengthen the environmental supervision of enterprises and institutions, strengthen the main responsibility for environmental risk prevention of enterprises and institutions; establish a sound environmental damage compensation system Responsibility for strict follow-up; establishment of environmental risk prediction and early warning system, strengthening of basic risk management and control of environmental risk; strengthening of nuclear and radiation safety supervision to ensure that nothing is lost; pay attention to the field of environmental health, strengthen integrated management and top-level design.
Zhao Hualin said that in the future, it will carry out system construction in five aspects. First, we must improve the system of laws and regulations, advance legislative work, strengthen the construction of environmental justice, and strengthen supervision over law enforcement.
Secondly, a clear definition of the boundary of power responsibility, a clear boundary with three lists, a rational division of environmental protection authority from the central and local governments, and implementation of a local government responsibility system for environmental quality.
Third, reform the governance system. Including strengthening the unified supervision of the environment; exerting comprehensive supervision of the environmental protection department; participating in comprehensive decision-making; evaluating assessment and accountability;
Fourth, we must strengthen the market mechanism. This includes strengthening the establishment of a resource and environmental market system; reforming environmental protection charges and environmental price policies; gradually implementing the use of environmental resources for compensation; improving tax policies that are conducive to resource conservation and environmental protection; and establishing and improving market mechanisms that encourage companies to participate in environmental protection.
Fifth, we must improve the system of social co-governance. Including the protection of the public's right to know, participate in, and supervise the environment; construct effective channels and reasonable mechanisms; strengthen the supervision of governments and enterprises; and build a national action structure.
Zhao Hualin said that the objective of the 13th Five-Year Environmental Plan is that by 2020, the total amount of major pollutants will be significantly reduced, the human settlement environment will be significantly improved, the stability of the ecosystem will be enhanced, and the quality of the radiation environment will continue to be good. Ecological governance, environmental supervision We have made important breakthroughs in regulations and systems such as administrative law enforcement institutional mechanisms, environmental resource audits, and environmental responsibility assessments. The system of ecological civilization has basically been established, and the level of ecological civilization has been adapted to an overall well-to-do society.
Zhao Hualin believes that a comprehensive index system that combines environmental quality improvement as the main line and new expectations for the society, combining national, regional, and city conditions to reflect progress in pollution control and emission reduction, risk prevention, space optimization, and system construction, mainly includes constraints and expectations. And guiding indicators. The first is to establish a dual-constraint index system of environmental quality and total discharge. The second is to build a comprehensive factor index system that supports the synchronization of four factors. The third is to reflect the division of classification management. The fourth is to highlight the controllability. The fifth is to improve the predictability of the indicators. The sixth is to be close to the public.
With regard to the quality of water environment, the quality of centralized drinking water sources in cities and towns was stable and the water quality was basically eliminated. In the city, there were no black and odor bodies of water. The current water quality was better than Class III. The water quality remained stable, and the water quality of the coastal waters improved slightly. In terms of atmospheric environmental quality, urban air quality at or above the prefecture level was significantly improved, heavy polluted weather decreased by 60%, inhalable particulate matter and fine particulate matter decreased by more than 30%, and the average concentrations of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone reached the standard. In terms of soil environmental quality, the national land-planting soil environmental quality standard compliance rate is not less than 82%, the newly-added construction land use soil environmental safety protection rate is 100%, 200 soil-pollution comprehensive remediation pilot sites are completed, and the regional soil comprehensive treatment demonstration area is 6. In terms of ecological environment, the area of ​​soil erosion has decreased, the ecosystem has remained stable, and the ecological service function has improved. With regard to the prevention and control of environmental risks, the number of major and sudden environmental incidents has dropped significantly, environmental and population health risks have been effectively controlled, and the environmental emergency management system has been basically completed. With respect to the nuclear and radiation environment, the safety level of nuclear facilities has been further improved, the level of prevention and control of radioactive pollution has been fully enhanced, the quality of radiation environment has continued to be good, and nuclear safety has been guaranteed.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned initial goals, work is mainly carried out in four areas. First, quality has improved. Including establishing and improving the national environmental quality management system and implementing rigid constraints; promoting environmental quality improvement in the three major areas of water, air and soil; improving the nation's environmental quality through “grasping both endsâ€; fully launching implementation of environmental quality improvement measures, Continuously improve the quality of urban and rural environment.
Second, pollution reduction. Including the optimization of total control measures; implementation of pollution control and emission reduction in the whole process; increase the supervision and management of the industry environment.
Third, ecological protection. Including the establishment of a sound ecological governance system, the implementation of classification and control; to strengthen the management of important ecological function areas and ecosystems, to maintain the national ecological security; improve the ecological protection management mechanism, promote the unified monitoring of ecosystem and system management; improve ecological civilization demonstration area construction system And ecological compensation system to promote ecological protection.
Fourth, risk management. Including the layout and structure, improve the overall situation of environmental safety; strengthen the management of environmental risks in key areas to achieve healthy development and environmental safety; strengthen the environmental supervision of enterprises and institutions, strengthen the main responsibility for environmental risk prevention of enterprises and institutions; establish a sound environmental damage compensation system Responsibility for strict follow-up; establishment of environmental risk prediction and early warning system, strengthening of basic risk management and control of environmental risk; strengthening of nuclear and radiation safety supervision to ensure that nothing is lost; pay attention to the field of environmental health, strengthen integrated management and top-level design.
Zhao Hualin said that in the future, it will carry out system construction in five aspects. First, we must improve the system of laws and regulations, advance legislative work, strengthen the construction of environmental justice, and strengthen supervision over law enforcement.
Secondly, a clear definition of the boundary of power responsibility, a clear boundary with three lists, a rational division of environmental protection authority from the central and local governments, and implementation of a local government responsibility system for environmental quality.
Third, reform the governance system. Including strengthening the unified supervision of the environment; exerting comprehensive supervision of the environmental protection department; participating in comprehensive decision-making; evaluating assessment and accountability;
Fourth, we must strengthen the market mechanism. This includes strengthening the establishment of a resource and environmental market system; reforming environmental protection charges and environmental price policies; gradually implementing the use of environmental resources for compensation; improving tax policies that are conducive to resource conservation and environmental protection; and establishing and improving market mechanisms that encourage companies to participate in environmental protection.
Fifth, we must improve the system of social co-governance. Including the protection of the public's right to know, participate in, and supervise the environment; construct effective channels and reasonable mechanisms; strengthen the supervision of governments and enterprises; and build a national action structure.
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