Green Plant Protection Technology Helps China's Green Agriculture Development

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] Human agriculture has a long history, and the use of pesticides is the inevitable result of historical development and progress. The early agricultural management method was the “slash and burn” of the Neolithic Age, and in order to resist “hunger”, human beings have been striving to find various ways to effectively control pests such as pests and diseases.

As early as 1200 BC, the ancients used salt and ash to weed, opening the era of natural pesticides.

In the 19th century, human beings entered the era of inorganic pesticides based on the existing sulphur mixture and Bordeaux mixture. Due to the large amount of use, combined with abuse and abuse, it has prompted national legislation to strengthen management.

France first enacted the pesticide management law in 1905, and the United States enacted pesticide management in 1910.

In 1944, Bayer Company of Germany produced an organophosphorus pesticide, parathion, which marked the era of organic synthetic pesticides in which human civilization entered fossil energy. Its advantages, economy, simplicity and so on have been recognized by everyone.

Swiss chemist Paul Hermann Müller won the Nobel Prize in 1948 for inventing DDT.

The advantages of organic phosphorus, organic chlorine, carbamate and other major types of pesticides, economics and broad spectrum have been developed rapidly and are widely used in the prevention and control of crop pests and diseases in countries all over the world. The practice of using chemical pesticides shows that the use of pesticides can recover 30-40% of the total crop yield in the world. Nobel Prize winner Noman K. Borlang said that “no pesticides, humans will be at risk of hunger”.

However, the extensive use of pesticides, especially organochlorine pesticides that are not easily degradable, has caused environmental pollution and ecological damage. In 1963, Ms. Rachel Carson attacked the chemical pollution problem in the book Silent Spring, awakening humans' re-recognition of chemical pesticides, which further strengthened the management of pesticides. In the United States and other countries, the registered pesticide varieties were gradually reviewed. If any potential risks were discovered, a series of measures such as prohibition and restriction were adopted. In the following decades, low-toxic chemical pesticides such as pyrethroid insecticides, neonicotinoid insecticides, sulfonylurea herbicides, and bisamide insecticides have appeared.

The era of “slash and burn” has gone far, and the use of chemical pesticides has brought “happiness and harm”. However, we are convinced that the process of pesticide development is a process from inefficiency to high toxicity to green, high risk to ecological safety. At present, we are in a critical period of how such a chemical pesticide can leap from the green ecology. Low-toxic, low-residue, high-selection green pesticides represented by chiral pesticides and heterocyclic pesticides have become the main means or important means for the global response to pests and diseases, and the development of greener, safer and safer green pesticides in recent years. The focus and hotspots of the world's pesticide research and development.

After more than 30 years of rapid development, China's pesticide industry has leapfrogged from pesticide production and use of small countries to become a world's largest producer and user of pesticides. The supply of pesticide products has been greatly enriched, and it has made positive contributions to increasing agricultural production and increasing farmers' income. However, compared with developed countries, there is still a big gap between the research on new structures, new varieties and environmentally friendly new dosage forms of green pesticides and the international advanced level. Under the background of structural reform on the supply side, the Ministry of Agriculture launched a zero-growth action on chemical fertilizers and pesticide use in 2015. Based on crop layout, pest occurrence and regional distribution, the Ministry of Agriculture vigorously promoted the application of new safe pesticide products and formulated pesticide application limit standards. Develop green prevention and control technology, create new low-risk pesticides, promote modern plant protection intelligent equipment, and strengthen technology integration innovation and transformation application, organize and implement the national key research and development plan "chemical fertilizers and pesticides reduction and efficiency comprehensive technology research and development", etc. The combination of physical prevention and control, ecological regulation, biological control and application of pesticides, actively promoted the reduction of pesticides, promoted pesticide reduction and efficiency, and achieved remarkable results.

According to scientific calculations, the pesticide utilization rate of rice, corn and wheat in China in 2017 was 38.8%, which was 2.2 percentage points higher than that in 2015. The goal of zero growth in pesticide use by 2020 is achieved three years ahead of schedule. Although this level still has a certain gap with developed countries, we have seen hope and strengthened confidence. As long as we persist in unremitting efforts, we will be able to achieve new achievements and win the initiative of green development of agriculture.

“Crop healthy cultivation” is an important part of implementing the concept of green development and implementing pesticide reduction and efficiency. In the future, we must vigorously promote the development of quality agriculture, green agriculture, and continue to promote the application of pesticides and the health-oriented "full-immunity" regulation of ecological pesticides and green plant protection technology, based on "crop health". With “Regional Governance” as the control strategy, the “four reductions” measures proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture were implemented to provide a complete solution for the prevention and control of major pests and diseases. Through green plant protection technology to help China's green agriculture development, and to develop a sustainable agricultural development path in line with China's national conditions, to make agriculture greener, rural areas more beautiful, farmers more rich. (Original title: Song Baoan: Focus on improving the utilization rate of pesticides to help quality agriculture and green agriculture)