Recently, a circular economy seminar held in Beijing, a seemingly intelligent machine aroused great interest of participants, the full name of the machine is "a new type of kitchen waste desalination desalination recovery purification processor," nicknamed "eat dry Squeeze net robot. "
This looks like a car-sized rectangular box, the structure is not simple: the bottom of a stainless steel electrolytic vessel with a propeller blade, the container has holes. Staff put the peel, leaves, eggshell and food waste into it, press the switch, the propeller blade began to rotate quickly, a moment the machine quiet down, after screw conveyor and solid-liquid separation open to see the container empty, The back of the bag there is a sticky sticky, which is the food waste after desalination, desalination, exhaust gas purification, removal of heavy metals such as eating dry pressed net organic fertilizer - compost.
This "big guy" is really not simple. It owns 5 invention patents and 12 utility model patents. It oxidizes the exhaust gas into sodium hypochlorite by oxidizing reaction, that is, the principle of chlorine poisoning in our usual swimming pool. Since sodium hypochlorite has the function of purifying waste water and exhaust gas, we can no longer smell the biochemical and anaerobic processes when treating food waste The smell of rotten eggs.
This Taiwan won the 2015 Third Prize of Beijing Science and Technology Award "Eat dry press net machine", is Beijing Rakuten Environmental Technology Co., Ltd. independent research and development of patented products, dedicated to food waste treatment and purification. At present, this Taiwan "eat dry squeeze net" machine is being applied in Beijing, Inner Mongolia, Hebei and other regions, and is about to be extended to the country. In the future, we no longer have to worry about cooking oil on the table again.
"Misplaced resources"
A minute ago or food, a minute later became rubbish. Due to the diet culture and meal habits, food waste has become a unique phenomenon in China and produces a huge amount of food waste every day.
Food waste, also known as water, is a waste generated by residents living in the process of consumption, perishable, odor, spread of bacteria and viruses. The main components of food waste include rice and flour food residues, vegetables, animal and vegetable oils, meat bones, etc., from the chemical composition, starch, cellulose, protein, lipids and inorganic salts.
The main characteristics of food waste is rich in organic matter, high moisture content, perishable, its characteristics and odor will have adverse effects on environmental health, and easy to grow pathogenic microorganisms, mycotoxins and other harmful substances.
"Kitchen waste in addition to polluting the environment, affecting the city appearance, but also endanger human health.As food waste contains meat protein and animal fatty substances, livestock in the direct consumption of unprocessed food waste, easy Homosexual contamination of 'cannibalism', 'protein homology' and possibly the transmission of some deadly diseases may occur. "Yang Donghai, general manager of Beijing Letianyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., said.
Although improper disposal can have serious consequences, food waste is not without merit. Yang Donghai said food waste with the dual characteristics of waste and resources, can be said to be a typical "misplaced resources."
It is understood that food waste contains a lot of nutrients, the main component is fat and protein, fat can be used as a suitable raw material for the preparation of biodiesel. Solid residue removal of salt used as natural organic fertilizer, the kitchen waste "detoxification" "resource" of purification treatment, is to increase resource utilization effective way.
At present, China attaches great importance to food waste disposal work, the state has promulgated the "Notice on organizing the pilot work of urban kitchen waste recycling and innocuous treatment" and "on the strengthening of waste oil remediation and food waste management Opinions ", pointed out that we should strengthen the management of kitchen waste in our country and special rectification, and promote its resource utilization and harmless treatment.
Traditional food waste disposal methods have drawbacks
It is understood that China's food waste treatment started relatively late, due to the complexity of food waste in our country, decided to use a single existing processing technology is difficult to complete efficient handling. The main means of food waste treatment in China is landfill, incineration, feed, compost, pyrolysis and anaerobic fermentation. At present, the technology of resource utilization treatment is biochemical and anaerobic methods. The organic matter in food waste is anaerobically treated Fermentation into biogas.
"Harmlessness of food waste, resource treatment is the future development of food waste disposal." Yang Donghai said.
Due to the high moisture content of food waste, incineration, pyrolysis is not applicable, microbial aerobic treatment is not complete, resulting in waste gas, energy consumption, and culture of microorganisms exist species safety issues; earthworm compost due to geographical constraints, it is difficult To promote large-scale. Composting technology is mature, but covers an area of ​​large, and secondary pollution, treatment is not complete, the promotion of difficulties.
"Food waste anaerobic fermentation process is now the only resource of processing technology; but also there are many corresponding problems." Yang Donghai that although the anaerobic method used more, but the food kitchen slag containing high salt, as The use of organic fertilizer can cause shortcomings such as land consolidation. "
At present, most domestic food waste treatment plant is used anaerobic fermentation technology. Anaerobic fermentation technology to produce biogas outlet there are three main ways: power generation and grid, automotive gas, compressed natural gas. Small cities can achieve biogas power generation and grid integration, more difficult to achieve in major cities; high purity gas vehicle requirements, the corresponding biogas purification facilities may be more complex; compressed natural gas pipelines need to be installed, the cost is higher.
"The way out is not smooth, some of the biogas produced by the treatment plant can only be used to 'burn the torch' and was wasted. 'Eat dry press net' and turn waste into treasure, and we did it." Yang Donghai said.