Mold CAD/CAM is developed based on the development of mold CAD and mold CAM respectively. It is a new leap in the comprehensive application of computer technology in mold production. Mold CAD/CAM is a key technology for transforming traditional mold production methods, and it is a high-tech and highly-efficient system work type. In the form of computer software, it provides users with an effective auxiliary tool to enable technicians of the engineering category to design and optimize products, mold structures, forming processes, numerical control processing, and costs by means of computers. The rapid development of mold CAD/CAE technology and the further improvement of software and hardware level have provided strong technical support for the mold industry, which has brought a qualitative leap to the development of the company's product design, manufacturing and production levels. The optimal choice of modern enterprise information, integration and networking.
First, the development of mold CAD/CAM development
The development of mold CAD/CAM conforms to the development of general-purpose CAD/CAM software. The current development status of general-purpose CAD/CAM software is as follows: CAD technology has experienced two-dimensional graphic design, interactive graphic design, three-dimensional wireframe model design, three-dimensional solid modeling design, freeform surface modeling design, parametric design, feature modeling design, etc. development process. In recent years, many advanced technologies have emerged, such as variable technologies and virtual product modeling technologies. With the popularization of the Internet, intelligence, collaboration, and integration have become new development features of the technology. This has enabled CAD technology to be more widely used and has evolved to support collaborative design, off-site design, and information sharing. Network CAD.
Second, the characteristics of mold CAD/CAM
A stable mold CAD/CAM system that can meet actual production design needs should have the following characteristics:
(l) Mold CAD/CAM systems must have the ability to describe the geometry of an object. In the mold design, because the working parts of the mold (such as drawing dies, forging dies and injection cavities) are designed according to the shape of the product part. So no matter what type of mold is designed, the geometry of the product part must be provided at the beginning. Otherwise, you can't lose information about the geometry of the product's parts, and the design program won't work. In addition, in order to compile the NC machining program and calculate the tool trajectory, it is also necessary to establish the geometric model of the mold part. Therefore, geometric modeling is an important issue in mold CAD/CAM.
(2) Standardization is a necessary condition for achieving mold CAD. Mold design is generally not unique. In order to facilitate the realization of mold CAD and reduce the storage of data, the first problem to be solved in the establishment of mold CAD system is the standardization issue, including the standardization of design criteria, the standardization of mold parts and mold structure. With a standardized mold structure, a typical mold combination can be used when designing a mold, and standard mold parts can be used. Only a few working parts need to be designed.
(3) The treatment of design criteria is an important issue in mold CAD. Most of the design criteria based on artificial design molds are given in the form of numbers and line graphs.
Third, the advantages of mold CAD/CAM
The interaction between the computer and the designer is conducive to exerting their personal strengths and making the mold design and manufacturing process more rational. The optimized design method used by the system helps to optimize certain process parameters and mold structures.
(1) CAD/CAM can save time and improve productivity. The automation of design calculations and pattern drawing greatly reduces design time. The integration of CAD and CAM can significantly shorten the cycle from design to manufacturing.
(2) CAD/CAM can greatly reduce costs. The computer's high-speed computing and automatic drawing greatly save labor. The optimized design brings about the saving of raw materials. For example, the optimized blank layout of stamping parts can increase the material utilization by 5%-7%. The use of CAM can process complex mold surfaces that are difficult to process by traditional methods, which can reduce the processing and debugging man-hours of molds and reduce the manufacturing cost. Some of the economic benefits of CAD/CAM can be estimated and some are difficult to estimate. Due to the adoption of CAD/CAM technology, production preparation time is shortened, product replacement is accelerated, and the product's market competitiveness is greatly enhanced.
(3) CAE/CAM technology frees technicians from tedious calculation, drawing, and NC programming tasks, allowing them to engage in more creative work.
(4) With the increase of computer simulation technology in plastic forming process, the integrated CAD/CAM/CAE technology can greatly increase the reliability of the mold, reduce the need for trial mold repair process, and increase the success rate of mold design and manufacturing. .
Fourth, the mold industry uses the mold CAD/CAM technology
Traditional mold design and manufacturing methods cannot adapt to the requirements of rapid upgrading and upgrading of industrial products. Therefore, domestic and foreign companies have adopted mold CAD/CAM technology. The main reasons for adopting mold CAD/CAM technology in the mold industry are:
(1) Geometry models obtained using geometric modeling techniques can be used for subsequent design analysis and numerical control programming.
(2) The trial cycle of new products can be shortened. For example, in the automotive industry, the design and manufacturing cycle of molds can be shortened.
(3) The need to improve product quality, such as the shape of the car body surface, requires the use of computers to prepare data and complete subsequent manufacturing work.
(4) Increased demand for CAD/CAM by mold makers and users. For example, using magnetic disks for data transfer, users require moldmakers to exchange information and process the data.
(5) The efficiency of mold processing equipment continues to increase and computer-aided data processing is required to increase equipment utilization.
(6) Establish an information processing system that links various departments in the enterprise.
V. Application Status of Die CAD/CAM Technology in Diedian Industry
Die CAD/CAM technology has developed rapidly. The scope of application is expanding. In the die, forging die, extrusion die, injection die and die casting die, etc. have more successful CAD / CAM system. The adoption of CAD/CAM technology is a measure of mold technology and production innovation, and it is a significant feature of mold technology development.
At present, the mold CAD/CAM software applied in China's mold industry can be divided into two categories: First, the general CAD/CAM in the machinery industry, such as Unigraphics (UG), SOLIDEDGE, AutoCAD, SolidWorks, and Pro/Engneer. The second is the mold CAD/CAM system developed specifically for the mold industry, such as the cold punching die CAD system developed by Shanghai Jiaoda Mold CAD National Engineering Center.
(1) Application status of foreign mold CAD/CAM technology
Larger mold manufacturers in industrialized countries have made large investments in CAD/CAM and are vigorously developing this technology. At present, the application of CAD/CAM technology is more common for the United States, Japan, Germany and other countries. For example, Toyota Motor Corporation of Japan used CNC for mold processing in 1965. In the early 1980s, the use of cover die CAD/CAM systems began. The system includes NTDFB and CADEIT software for designing the cover and TINCA software for machining convex and concave molds. The clay model was measured using a coordinate measuring machine and the data sent to a computer. After the resulting graphics are smoothed, these data are used for the design of the cover and the design and manufacture of the die. The system has a strong three-dimensional graphics function, can repeatedly modify the shape of the surface on the screen, so that the workpiece does not produce process defects in the press forming, thus ensuring the quality of the mold and the workpiece. The model of the mold surface is stored in the database. The TINCA software can use this data to perform numerical control of the mold surface.
(2) Application status of domestic mold CAD/CAM technology
After decades of development, CAD/CAM technology has been widely used in domestic mold production. The mold industry has introduced a considerable number of foreign CAD/CAE systems, such as: Unigraphics (UG), SOLIDEDGE, AutoCAD, SolidWorks, Pro/Engineer, and others. And configured with a fast running, high-performance computer.
However, for some domestic large-scale mold enterprises, their CAD/CAM application status mostly stays in the purchase of advanced CAD/CAM systems and equipment from foreign countries, but less secondary development is carried out on them, and resource utilization is low; for some domestic Small and medium-sized mold enterprises, their CAD / CAM applications are very few, some only stay in the computer instead of drawing board drawing. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the CAD/CAM application status of domestic mold companies so that they can truly respond to the market quickly and accurately, and make the manufactured mold products with high quality and low cost, that is, achieve the purpose of agile manufacturing.
Sixth, China's mold CAD / CAM software independent development and secondary development
The development of China's mold CAD/CAE began in the late 1970s, and its development has been rapid. The development of CAD/CAM software on microcomputer platforms is similar to that of foreign countries. All of them use Visual C++, OpenGL and other tools for software development. Many domestic universities, software companies and enterprises have developed advanced technologies based on this and have their own characteristics. , In line with Chinese users' customary CAD/CAE software or modules, some of the results have been promoted and used. Domestic development of CAD/CAM software suitable for the mold industry mainly uses two approaches - secondary development and development of existing CAD/CAM systems on the existing CAD/CAM platform.
(1) Based on the secondary development of the existing mold CAD/CAM platform
Huazhong University of Science and Technology launched the HSC2.0 injection mold CAD/CAE/CAM integrated system. The HSC2.0 system uses the AUTOCAD software package as the graphic support platform, including the mold structure design subsystem, the calculation of the structure and process parameters, the nuclear subsystem, and the plastic flow. , cooling and other subsystems. Hefei University of Technology based on AUTOCAD and MDT three-dimensional parametric injection molding system IPMCADV4.0.
(2) Self-developed CAD/CAM system with its own copyright
The three-dimensional electronic board and CAXA-ME manufacturing engineer 2000 launched by Beijing Beihanghang Software Co., Ltd. can perform 3D part design and NC machining. The feature is based on 3D parameterized feature design, realizing solid, surface and NC machining. Coordination and unity. The metal plastic forming three-dimensional finite element simulation system developed by Shanghai Jiaotong University's Zhongmo Company has reached the international advanced level in its rigid (viscous) plastic finite element analyzer and dynamic boundary processing technology. Jilin Golden Grid Mould Engineering Research Center developed the stamping die CAD/CAE/CAM integration system. Zhejiang Datian Electronic Information Engineering Co., Ltd. developed a feature-based parametric modeling system GS-CAD98. The Lonicera system is a CAD/CAM system based on the STEP standard developed by Guangzhou Hongdi Technology Co., Ltd. OpenCAD is a computer-based CAD and drawing management software developed by the School of Mechanical Engineering of Huazhong University of Science and Technology with its own copyright. Chinese Academy of Sciences CASS Software Group and Beijing Kaisi Bohong Application Engineering Co., Ltd. have developed their own proprietary PICAD system and series of software. These softwares have been promoted and applied by many companies in the mold industry.
VII. Major deficiencies in the application and development of mold CAD/CAM software in China
In recent years, some achievements have been made in the development and application of CAD/CAM systems in China. The CAD/CAM commercialization software market has initially formed in China. The inadequacies in the application and development of CAD/CAM software include the following:
(l) Many companies still only stay at the drawing stage in their understanding of CAD, and they lack guidance on design methods and design theory, so that the benefits of CAD have not been fully realized.
(2) The level of CAD/CAM software application personnel is not uniform, and the CAD software cannot be used with high efficiency.
(3) There is a tendency of blindness when introducing mold CAD/CAM technology. Many companies do not fully consider the characteristics of various CAD/CAM software, and the purchased CAD/CAM software cannot be fully applied to the product design and development of the company. .
(4) The secondary development of the imported mold CAD/CAE system could not keep up, and the efficiency of the imported software cannot be fully realized.
(5) The domestic mold CAD/CAM technology level is still in the period of high-tech integration and transition to industrialization and commercialization. The degree of commercialization of the independently developed mold CAD/CAM system is not high enough, and there are functional and stable aspects and advanced foreign software. A big gap.
(6) China's CAD technology has fewer innovations and more imitations. Without innovation, there is no competitiveness. Only imitation can not develop competitive products. From the two-dimensional CAD in China to the current development of three-dimensional CAD have this problem.
(7) The development of CAD software in China lacks theoretical and algorithmic research. CAD technology is a comprehensive high-tech, involving a wide range and complex, rapid technological changes, and fierce competition.
(8) The information integration technology is backward. The extensive integration of information technology is based on product data management (PDM) and process management (PM) and enables the organic integration of CAD/CAPP/CAM and ERP. PDM is also an important foundation in concurrent engineering. Therefore, this type of basic software has also been occupied by the foreign systems in the market. And our CAD/CAPP/CAM integration technology is based on foreign basic systems.
Eight conclusions
In the application of mold CAD/CAM, the application of mold CAD/CAM in China has made great progress. The mold CAD/CAM technology has been widely used in Chinese enterprises.
However, in general, China's current mold industry using CAD / CAM technology still has many drawbacks, mold CAD / CAM technology level is still in the period of high-tech integration and commercialization of the transition to commercialization, self-developed mold CAD / CAM software The level of development, commercialization, and marketization are not as good as in developed countries. There are still some gaps in the software's reliability and stability from those of foreign industrialized countries.
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